What is carcinogenic mutagenic reprotoxic?
Carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic chemicals, abbreviated as CMR chemicals, make up the first and most toxic category of the toxicity classes into which hazardous chemicals can be subdivided, according to EU legislation. Carcinogenic chemicals can cause or promote cancers.
What is a highly toxic carcinogen?
Reproductive Toxins and Highly Toxic Chemicals. Carcinogens are defined as reproductive toxins and substances that possess high acute toxicity as particularly hazardous substances (PHS). Lab users handling and working with carcinogens need to take additional precautions besides handling toxic substances.
What does reprotoxic mean?
Reproductive toxicity is a hazard associated with some chemical substances, which interfere in some way with normal reproduction; such substances are called reprotoxic. They may adversely affect sexual function and fertility in adult males and females, as well as causing developmental toxicity in the offspring.
What are CMR properties?
CMR Properties means properties which are carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic for reproduction; Sample 1.
What is a mutagenic substance?
Mutagens are chemical compounds or forms of radiation (such as ultraviolet (UV) light or X-rays) that cause irreversible and heritable changes (mutations) in the cellular genetic material, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
What is a carcinogenic substance?
A carcinogen is something that can cause you to have cancer. It may be a substance in the air, a product you use, or a chemical in foods and drinks.
What are CMR substances?
CMR substances are chemical substances (or mixtures) of specific concern due to the long term and serious effects that they may have on human health. Reprotoxic stands for chemical substances which may affect sexual function and fertility of adults, as well as causing developmental toxicity in the offspring.
Are all carcinogens mutagens?
A carcinogen is any agent that directly increases the incidence of cancer. Most, but not all carcinogens are mutagens. Carcinogens that do not directly damage DNA include substances that accelerate cell division, thereby leaving less opportunity for cell to repair induced mutations, or errors in replication.
How are substances classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic and toxic?
Substances classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic and toxic for reproduction (CMR) and other sub- stances of concern in consumer products. Identification of relevant substances and articles, analytical control and consequences for the regu- lation of chemicals Summary.
How is mutagen used to treat reproductive toxicity?
Mutagen is used for agents increasing the occurrence of mutations. Many mutagenic substances are also carcinogenic, but not all. Reproductive toxicity is used for agents which cause adverse effects on sexual function and fertility in males and females, developmental toxicity in the offspring and effects through or via lactation.
How are germ cell mutagens likely to cause cancer?
Because of their mechanism of action germ cell mutagens are likely to have carcinogenic effects. Mutations that occur in somatic cells (non-reproductive cells) can increase the likelihood of cancer, but somatic mutations are not passed along to the next generation.
How does a mutagen affect the genetic material of a cell?
Mutagens can damage the genetic material of the cells (DNA and/or chromosomes).This can lead to permanent changes: mutations. Numerous mutations occur in a lifetime. Many of them are neutral, but some can negatively affect the cells in which they occurred.